Infiniti M35h Hybrid
By Larry E. Hall
In October 2009, Nissan announced that its Infiniti luxury brand would offer a gasoline-electric hybrid version of its M35 V6 powered luxury performance sedan, to go on sale in the U.S. and Europe in early 2011. The Infiniti M35h represents the automaker’s first in-house hybrid, and provides one more example of the curious relationship between luxury and hybrid vehicles.
For a number of years, Nissan’s leadership repeatedly made the argument that hybrids are not the answer to the environmental challenges facing the automobile industry—and that only pure all-electric cars represent the necessary shift to oil- and emissions-free motoring. The company’s small all-electric Nissan LEAF arrived in late 2010.
However, the use of a gas and electric power combo is apparently Nissan’s solution for luxury buyers unwilling to sacrifice horsepower and high-end features, but no longer wanting to guzzle gas. As Infiniti’s press release states, "The M35h has been designed and engineered to add to, not take away from, the driving experience, a key part of any Infiniti's appeal." [Subtext: Most hybrids take away from the driving experience.]
The first official unveiling of the new hybrid was last March at the Geneva Motor Show, and in late August it was spotted at the Pebble Beach Concours d’Elegance, a preview of its official debut at November’s Los Angeles Auto Show. The Japanese production version, called the Nissan Fuga Hybrid, made its debut in late October.
The Infiniti M35 Hybrid is badged as the Nissan Fuga in Japan. The Fuga was launched in Japan on Oct. 28, 2010.
The Mechanicals
The all-new proprietary hybrid system, which the automaker calls the "Infiniti Direct Response Hybrid," is a full parallel design. The powertrain embodies a 3.5-liter Atkinson-cycle V6 engine that works with a single electric motor and two clutches, similar to that of Volkswagen’s. A 1.3-kWh lithium-ion battery pack is positioned under the trunk’s floorboard.
As well as its fast charge/discharge response, the lithium ion battery pack is laminated to enhance the cooling performance, and as a result, provide exceptional battery reliability.
Power output for the V6 is 301 horsepower and 258 pounds-feet of torque. The 360-volt motor is rated at 67 hp (50kW) at 2,000 rpm and 199 lbs.-ft. of torque. Whether powered by the engine, electric motor or both, the energy is directed to the rear wheels and controlled by a seven-speed automatic transmission.
A dry clutch is positioned between the engine and the AC motor, which is in-line with the front of the transmission. This eliminates the need for a torque converter and allows the full decoupling of the V6 when running in electric modes—in order to eliminate mechanical drag from the engine and boost the efficiency of the electric motor. A wet clutch at the rear of the transmission allows the engine to turn the motor/generator to charge the batteries with the vehicle stationary. It also smoothes the drive train during shifts and when the V6 is turned on and off.
Luxury, 30-plus MPG, and Brutal Acceleration
The company says the electric motor can drive the wheels up to 60 miles per hour, and engages during as much as 50 percent of driving time. The gasoline engine will turn off completely while coasting at speeds up to 80 mph. That’s quite an accomplishment for a car that Infiniti estimates can accelerate from 0 to 60 miles-per-hour in six seconds, give or take a tick.
Late last year, a few American journalists briefly drove a prototype right-hand-drive Nissan Fuga Hybrid at Nissan’s Opera proving ground just outside of Yokosuka City, Japan. Automobile Magazine said the hybrid sedan had "brutal acceleration" and "spent a lot of time on electric power." Motor Trend commented, "The hybrid doesn’t lack for sportiness."
Adding to the performance and handling characteristics expected from Infiniti are two new innovative technologies. The first is a world first electro-hydraulic power steering system. It provides the advantages of both types of steering—the familiar and smooth feel of hydraulic power steering and the improved fuel efficiency of an electric system.
The second is Electric Driven Intelligent Brake system, another world first. When brakes are applied, the necessary braking force is maintained while the hydraulic pressure of the friction brake is controlled to help maximize the energy regeneration of the hybrid motor. Motor Trend described brake feel as "brilliant."
Official EPA fuel economy numbers for the Infiniti M35 hybrid are 27/32 mpg city/highway, with a combined rating of 29 mpg. That’s a huge leap beyond the new M37’s (the 2011 replacement for the M35) numbers of 18 city/26 highway. The M also delivers better fuel economy than it’s closest luxury hybrid rival, the Lexus GS 450h, which manages just 22 mpg city/25mpg mpg highway. Moreover, the Infiniti’s fuel mileage is accomplished with a 360 horsepower engine, 20 more ponies than the Lexus.
Wanting It All
Pricing for the base M35 Hybrid starts at $54,575, which undercuts the Lexus GS 450h by a little more than $4,000. Add all the options to both of these luxo hybrids and the price easily tops $65,000.
The M35h shares the seductive looks of the M flagship sedan. The proportions are classic sports sedan, with Infiniti’s trademark short front overhang and long hood leading back to a coupe-like rear end. The design is notably aerodynamically efficient, both in terms of low drag (Cd: 0.27) and zero lift at high speeds, thanks in part to the distinctive "ducktail" design of the rear deck lid.
The luxury segment is quickly filling up with V6 hybrid sedans, such as the Lexus GS 450h and the Mercedes S400 Hybrid. Dieter Zetsche, CEO of Daimler, explained, "I am convinced that many customers continue to want a comfortable and spacious car. [But] they would not like to be called callous by their neighbor because the fuel consumption is astronomic." A hybrid version of the Audi A8 luxury sedan, unveiled in concept form at the 2010 Geneva Motor Show, is also in the works.
The Infiniti M35 Hybrid further establishes this newly emerging category of slightly greener luxury. In other words, green is a competitive advantage for discerning luxury buyers willing to pay the premium—and Nissan doesn’t want to be left behind. Expect an increasing number of luxury vehicles to come with a hybrid option—even from Porsche, Ferrari, Rolls Royce and Aston Martin, which have all announced hybrids in the works.
The one exception in the hybrid luxury field is the 34-mpg Lexus HS250h, which shows some restraint by using a four-cylinder engine. Admittedly, the HS250h is at the lower end of the luxury price range. Yet, many well-heeled shoppers want the whole pie: an entire luxury package including space, reliability, luxury branding, and plenty of horsepower. It can also come with a cherry on top: better mileage courtesy of an electric motor and lithium ion battery pack.
This article, and the thread of user comments, was originally published in late 2009








2 years ago
That will be a tough call: an Infinity M35 hybrid for $49,000 or a Chevy Volt for $45,000.
2 years ago
I wonder if this is the borrowed hybrid technology from Toyota. With clean and super quiet highly efficient diesels, the diesel/electric hybrid is the only way to go with larger vehicles. Otherwise, manufacturers are stuck trying to create a V6/electric hybrid that can get the fuel efficiency of a 4 cylinder, and the power of a V8.
A Hybrid car is the perfect delivery point for the new quiet diesel engines, that consumer is looking to have the need for fuel economy met. Trying to offer a base diesel luxury car won't really work either, since there is not enough 'incentive'. But 'Hybrid' adds that. Combining the highest fuel efficient type engine with electric power seems like a no brainer. I
I also think that this obvious 'miscalculation' of what the public wants, is just another way to discourage and slow down the move to full electric cars, and maintain the status quo as long as possible.
2 years ago
There is no problem providing the power of a V8 with a hybrid, just drop in a bigger electric traction motor. Something akin to the 200 kw motor Raser put in the Hummer SUV. A energy storage of about 12 kwh, would provide enough buffer to allow a small range extender/steady state drive engine to sustain the battery charge over time. And you could go about 20 miles in charge depleting mode, prior to using any gas at all. For example, imagine a Volt with a 200 kw motor, rather than a 110 kw motor. And with a wireless charging system in your garage, that would automatically recharge your car when the rates are lowest, you would fit right in with the greenies without sacrificing anything except some of your hard earned money.
2 years ago
Why not just sell us a four-cylinder G20?
Small luxury cars are cool
I'd also like to see the Canadian Acura CSX and Mercedes B-Class sold down here.
2 years ago
to alancamp:
Unlike the Nissan Altima Hybrid which uses the licensed Hybrid Synergy Drive from Toyota (the exact same T-110 HSD transaxle as the Camry Hybrid, as a matter of fact, built by Aisin Seiki), Nissan will be putting their own in-house-developed hybrid system in the M35.
The Toyota HSD transaxle uses one planetary gearset to mesh together the gasoline engine and two electric motors-- Very ingenious, and very simple. No torque converter, no clutches, no CVT belts, no gear-shifting wear-and-tear.
The M35 Hybrid's system is more complicated. It sandwiches an electric motor between the engine and a multispeed transmission and fluid-coupling torque converter like in a regular car like Honda's IMA system, but it also incorporates two clutches to engage and disengage the electric motor so that the car can be run on electric alone at lower speeds.
I don't like the complexity of that IMA-type system. The Toyota HSD system is far less complex, with just 22 moving parts, compared to a regular-car automatic drivetrain with 100+ moving parts plus the added clutches for the electric motor.
Given a choice between the M35 Hybrid and the HSD-powered Nissan Altima Hybrid, I think I'd rather take the Altima Hybrid.
2 years ago
You would think if there's a real market for luxury hybrids that Ford would come out with a Lincoln-badged version of Fusion/Milan hybrid, I would think it would be the most efficient luxury hybrid as the Fusion has better fuel econ than the HS250, unless the extra weight of the luxury "bling" would bring it down significantly, am I missing something here?
2 years ago
You've hit on it-- The luxury hybrid market isn't that big.
Lexus does not sell very many hybrids.. Their hybrids account for something like 2-3% of their total sales. In the 2010 model year, Lexus expects to sell only about 20,000 HS250h's, worldwide. The only other hybrid in Lexus's lineup that had any significant sales is the RX400h. The LS600h and the GS450h both are not big sellers.
The only other carmaker that has luxury hybrids for sale is General Motors with their Escalade Hybrid, and it had a hard time reaching 4 figures in total numbers sold for the whole year of 2009.
Mercedes and BMW have their luxury hybrids in the works all this time (the Mercedes S400 Bluehybrid, and the BMW X6 ActiveHybrid), but I don't think they have hit the market yet (and they don't expect to sell more than a few thousand of each, worldwide).
That is probably why Ford limited their "luxury" hybrid line to just the Mercury Mountaineer Hybrid and the Mercury Milan Hybrid, and Honda isn't touching the luxury hybrid market with a 10-foot pole, especially after the disaster that is their quasi-luxury Accord Hybrid (so no Honda-IMA-powered Acura hybrids for the foreseeable future).
1 year ago
alancamp, the reasons you see few, if any, diesel hybrids are three-fold.
First, diesel engines are expensive compared to gasoline engines. Add that to an expensive hybrid powertrain, battery, and power-invertor-module, and you have little chance of making up the extra cost in fuel savings.
Second, diesel engines are heavy; heavier yet when you add the sound-deadening to make the modern "quiet diesel." Add that to the already heavy hybrid system, and you end up with a pig.
Third, hybrid systems don't complement diesel engines well. Diesels are efficient at idle, so the ability to shut the engine off at idle isn't much of a benefit. Gasoline engines are inefficient there, so the hybrid helps.
So while diesels may make sense, and hybrids may make sense, diesels and hybrids don't make sense together - unless fuel gets to $7/gallon, as the Obama administration would like to achieve.
1 year ago
to AP:
OK, I'll bite. What on earth causes you to imagine
that the Obama admin would want gas up at $7/gal ?
1 year ago
If you follow the logic of Cap & Trade, carbon-based fuel will become very expensive. Obama himself said that utility rates would "necessarily skyrocket," for example.
The $7/gallon figure is from a recent Harvard study done to find out how high gas prices would have to go in order to meet Obama's greenhouse gas goals. Since they are huge cuts, the $7/gallon figure may be about what's necessary.
I agree that fuel prices need to go up, to perhaps $4-$5/gallon, in order to make fuel-efficient cars viable. I just think the government should reduce other taxes to keep it revenue-neutral. Obama would rather have the government take more money.
1 year ago
This is a strange old vehicle without the call being in style. Other models in the Infiniti line up, with the exception of the FX are pretty conservative, but at least more or less passable. It's really a pudding. And supposed to be kind state of theartish hybrid. Afraid you ll have to do much better, Nissan, Infiniti, if you want to be taken seriously in Europe (including Denmark). Guess what it shows is that whatever is in style with the American market in mind, does not translate all that well in Europe, while on the other hand, the Euro-style has a hearing significant in the upscale market in the United States.
1 year ago
I hope your kidding. Without the rebate there is no choice.
1 year ago
Yes Anonymous,
You are missing something:
http://www.hybridcars.com/vehicle/lincoln-mkz-hybrid.html
45 weeks ago
I got into the luxury SUV market about 8 years ago, first with an Escallade and now an Audi Q7 TDI. I loved the Caddy but the fuel economy was killing me (I drive 4 kids around town @ 30k miles/year) The 7 passenger Audi diesel is great but the price of diesel rivals premium gas these days... Ugh. Before the Audi, I was looking into the hydrogen technology BMW was developing and supposed to bring to the US in 2009... What happened to that technology and why isn't it high on the list for development? It seemed highly efficient, clean and inexpensive to run. I was thinking as part of BP's debt to society, they could have put hydrogen refilling stations at all their locations. ???
42 weeks ago
I believe the government has no incentive to bring us cheap alternative fuels. The united states makes more money through taxation of our gasoline then the petro companies make themselves, this government profit increases as prices go higher so in the desperation of our government to bring in tax revenue this is one of the perfect ways to inflate ther way out of debt. Like hydrogen natural gas is probably the most viable fuel alternative for use in the USA we are like Saudi Arabia in reserves and would be the most logical transition to energy independence ,I believe brazil has a great number of their vehicles Converted or manufactured to take advantage of this cheap alternative but when I think of if well see a network of filling stations popping up across the nation I can only doubt it when governments and petro companies ponder the great losses of revenue this would create .
42 weeks ago
My mother has had trouble trying to buy a Lexus Hybrid - apparently none of the salesmen, once you get on the lot, want to sell it to you.
40 weeks ago
That's because there aren't very many of them available world wide and the profit margin is greater on a more expensive Lexus. The new Lexus CT hybrid is neat but is too, small with horrible blind spots and poor rear vision blocked by the headrests, but is fun to drive. I found a HS 250h hybrid a month ago and love it. It is much roomier than the CT and is fun to drive. The luxury level of the interior is 100% Lexus , and since it is based on the Prius hybrid I am getting between 37-42 MPGs in the city and around 38 MPG on the highway. You can improve on this with careful driving techniques. The engine is larger than the Prius' and is based on the larger Camry Hybrid engine, with total Horsepower around 185 hp. I paid $37,000 for a HS version loaded with options and don't regret it. I had a deposit on a Prius when I found the Lexus, but the Lexus luxury in a hybrid is what I wanted. It is a much more refined, more comfortable car to drive than a Prius, but if you want 50 MPG, you are limited to a much smaller car, a Prius or Honda Insight. If you can find a Lexus HS250h, go for it. But I am afraid that it may be hard to find after the Earthquake/Tsunami. disaster The Camry hybrid is a good choice for your mother at a lower price, and is very roomy and is easier to find.
39 weeks ago
Thanks for the info about infiniti M35h hybrid car.Is that available for sale now.San Jose movers
33 weeks ago
Here's the problem when you read the Infinity fine print: The only Infinitys that are AWD are the M37 and the M56. Further, you'd have to go to the V8 equivalent (M56) to get a hybrid, because the M37 is not a hybrid.
It is mind boggling that car manufacturers continue to short change buyers interested in what should by now be common: Hybrid technology + V6 efficiency + AWD. What's so difficult about that?
31 weeks ago
Chev volt is not even a luxury vehicle.
30 weeks ago
Reading is my passion. Browsing through your site gives me a lot of knowledge in so many ways. Thank you for the efforts you made in writing and sharing your points of view. Looking forward to learn some more from you. Keep it up.
27 weeks ago
Car review and Test Drive – 2012 Infiniti M35h Hybrid
http://test-drive-for-you.com/car-review-and-test-drive-2012-infiniti-m3...
18 weeks ago
I own a 2012 Infiniti M35H....STAY AWAY FROM THIS CAR...IT SUCKS, THE ACTUAL GAS MILEAGE IN THE CITY IS 16-18. THE CAR SUCKS MORE GAS THAN MY V-8 MERCEDES.
LIVE AND LEARN, BUT IF I CAN SAVE SOMEONE ELSE THE HARDSHIP I GUESS THAT WORKS OUT.
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